Using transmission control protocol/internet protocol (tcp/ip) to setup high speed out of band data communication connections

ABSTRACT

A transport layer connection is established between a first system and a second system. The establishment of the transport layer connection includes identifying a remote direct memory access (RDMA) connection between the first system and the second system. After establishing to transport layer connection, the first and second systems exchange data using the RDMA connection identified in establishing the transport layer connection.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates generally to the field of datacommunication and networking, and more particularly to methods, systems,and computer program products that use Transmission ControlProtocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) to setup high speed out of band datacommunication connections.

InfiniBand™ and Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) are existing, known,technologies for high speed connectivity between hosts and servers.These technologies are implemented in a networking environment withadditional hardware and corresponding software, including drivers andapplication programming interfaces. This means that using thesehigh-speed technologies requires server programs, applications, andclients to code to specific APIs to exploit them. For example, insteadof sockets, User Direct Access Programming Library (UDAPL) would be usedto communicate using InfiniBand™.

There is a large existing base of servers, applications, and clientsthat are coded to the TCP/IP sockets interface for communication. Forthese programs to exploit high speed interconnects in the current art,significant rewriting of their communications methods would be required.This is a major undertaking and may not even be practical in some cases(for example legacy applications whose source code or coding skill islost).

The current state of the art for this problem is Sockets Direct Protocol(SDP), which bypasses TCP/IP and provides an alternative protocol stack“underneath” the sockets layer. This allows applications which are codedto the widely adopted Sockets standard to run unmodified, and the SDPstack under the sockets layer handles all the communication. Howeverthere also exists a large legacy installed base of firewalls, loadbalancers, and other technologies that businesses rely on to manage andsecure their networks. These technologies rely on the ability to manageTCP/IP setup flows to perform their function. Because SDP dispenses withthese flows, these network elements would have to be reinvented for SDP.Additionally, many TCP/IP stacks are mature products with built-insecurity, quality of service, tracing, auditing, etc. capabilities thatwould have to be reinvented for SDP.

Because of these limitations, SDP is generally seen as suitable fortightly coupled high performance networking, not for multi-tier businessenvironments with complicated security and quality of servicerequirements.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention provide methods, systems, andcomputer program products for providing high-speed, direct memory accesscommunication between legacy systems transparently to those legacysystems. A method according to an embodiment of the present inventionestablishes a transport layer connection between a first system and asecond system. The establishment of the transport layer connectionincludes identifying a remote direct memory access (RDMA) connectionbetween the first system and the second system. After establishing atransport layer connection, the first and second systems exchange datausing the RDMA connection identified in establishing the transport layerconnection. The transport layer connection stays active, though idle,while the out of band communication over the RDMA connection proceeds.

In some embodiments, the first and second systems exchange RDMAconnection identification parameters during a transport layer setupprocess between the first system and the second system. For example, thefirst system may send a Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol(TCP/IP) SYN message to the second system. The SYN message includesoptions identifying an RDMA over converged Ethernet (RoCE) address forthe first system. In response to receiving the SYN message, the secondsystem may send a TCP/IP SYN-ACK message to the first system. TheSYN-ACK message includes options identifying a RoCE address, a queuepair (QP) number, a remote memory buffer (RMB) key, and RMB indexinginformation for the second system. In response to receiving the SYN-ACKmessage, the first system may send a TCP/IP ACK message to the secondsystem. The ACK message includes options identifying a QP number, an RMBkey, and RMB indexing information for the first system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

The novel features believed characteristic of the invention are setforth in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, as well asa preferred mode of use, further purposes and advantages thereof, willbest be understood by reference to the following detailed description ofan illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, where:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a system according to thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a host system according tothe present invention;

FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of an embodiment of a Internet Protocolversion 4 (IPv4) header according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a message flow diagram of an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 5 is a message flow diagram of a second embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIGS. 6A and 6B comprise a flowchart of an embodiment of clientconnection setup processing according to the present invention;

FIGS. 7A and 7B comprise flowchart of an embodiment of server connectionsetup processing according to the present invention; and,

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a computing device in which features of thepresent invention may be implemented.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to the drawings, and first to FIG. 1, a system isdesignated generally by the numeral 100. System 100 includes a firstlocal area network (LAN) 101 and a second LAN 103. In the embodiment ofFIG. 1, LANs 101 and 103 are Ethernet networks. LAN 101 includes severalhost systems 105. Similarly, LAN 103 includes several host systems 107.Host systems 105 and 107 may be comprise any suitable computing devices,such as personal computers. LANs 101 and 103 are connected to theInternet 109 by means of routers 111 and 113, respectively.

FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a host system 105 according to thepresent invention, which may be implemented in computer system such asthe one illustrated in, for example, FIG. 9. Host system 105 includeshardware components, indicated generally at 201, including a networkinterface card 203, also known as a network adapter. Network interfacecard 203 provides connectivity to an Ethernet fabric 205. Hardwareresources 201 include other physical resources, such as processors,memory, and the like.

Host system 105 also includes software components, indicated generallyat 207, including an operating system 209 and at least one application211. Operating system 209 includes various programs, such as devicedrivers, data, and data structures that manage hardware resources, suchas network interface card 203, and provide common services for variousapplication programs, such as application 211. Application 211 may beany program, such as a web browser, email client, or the like.

Embodiments of the present invention enable end-to-end connectionsacross LAN 101, LAN 103, and/or Internet 109 between application 211processes running on host systems 105 and/or 107. According to thepresent invention, application 211 may communicate with applicationsrunning on other host systems using either TCP/IP connections or remotedirect memory access (RDMA) connections. To enable TCP/IP connections,operating system 209 includes a protocol stack 213, which includes amongother components, an IP layer 214 and a TCP layer 215. Protocol stack213 includes executable code and data structures associated with thekernel of operating system 209. The code resides in memory locationsassociated with the kernel. The data structures are portions of memorythat are used by protocol stack 213 code to retain static and dynamicvariables.

IP layer 214 receives IP packets from lower level protocol layers ofprotocol stack 213 and sends TCP segments to TCP layer 215. TCP layer215 sends data packets to appropriate sockets 217. Operating system 209and application 211 create a socket. Generally, a socket is a datastructure in the kernel that provides an input and output channel for aprocess or thread of application 211. Operating system 209 maps a socketto a particular application process or thread. The kernel of operatingsystem is involved in processing data packets through each layer ofprotocol stack 213. Each socket 217 is identified by tuple including asource IP address, a source port number, a destination IP address and adestination port number.

RDMA connections allow application 211 to write data directly to, andread data directly from, memory associated with applications running onother hosts systems 105 and/or 107, without involvement of the kernel ofoperating system 209 in the transfer of data. To enable such directtransfers, operating system includes a queue pair (QP) 219 and a remotememory buffer (RMB) allocated to each RDMA connection. Each QP 219includes a send queue 223 and receive queue 225. An RDMA connection isidentified by as source QP number, a source RMB index, a destination QPnumber, and a destination RMB index.

As will be described in detail hereinafter, embodiments of the presentinvention identify an RDMA connection during the setup of TCP/IPconnection between host 105 and a remote host 105 or 106, and thenperform the actual data communication between host 105 and the remotehost using the RDMA connection identified during the TCP/IP connectionsetup. Embodiments of the present invention provide a new option type inthe IP header format.

Referring to FIG. 3, an Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) header 300according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. IPheader 300 has twelve mandatory fields and optional options extensions.The twelve mandatory fields are version 301, header length 302,differentiated services 303, total length 304, identification 305, flags306, fragment offset 307, time to live 308, protocol 309, headerchecksum 310, source IP address 311, and destination IP address 312.

Header length 302 is a 4-bit field that specifies the number of 32-bitwords in header 300. The minimum header length is five, and the maximumheader length is fifteen. Thus, ten 32-bit words are available foroptions extensions. Protocol 309 is an 8-bit field that specifies theprotocol used in the data portion of the IP datagram, which according toembodiments of the present invention is TCP.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the optionsextensions include RDMA connection information. An 8-bit kind field 313identifies the option kind as RDMA. IP currently specifies several kindcodes. Any unassigned kind code may be used to specify RDMA. An 8-bitlength field 314 specifies the length of the RDMA connectioninformation. An RDMA connection parameters field 315 contains theparameters that identify the RDMA connection. The parameters and thelength of the RDMA options extensions depend on the context of the IPheader. RDMA connection parameters field may include padding to fillunused space in the options portion of the header. It should berecognized that RDMA options may be implemented using Internet Protocolversion 6 (IPv6) extension headers, which follow the IPv6 header.Alternatively, RDMA options may be included in a TCP header rather thanin an IP header.

FIG. 4 is a message flow diagram of an embodiment of TCP/IP and RDMAconnection setup between a client 401 and server 403 according to thepresent invention. Client 401 and server 403 first perform a three-wayhandshake to establish a TCP/IP socket connection. Client 401 sends toserver 403 a TCP/IP SYN message 405 with the RDMA option including theRDMA over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) address of client 401. A RoCEaddress uniquely identifies network interface card 203 of FIG. 1 and itmay comprise the combination of a media access control (MAC) address anda global ID (GID). In response to receiving SYN message 405, server 403sends to client 401 a TCP/IP SYN-ACK message 407 with the RDMA optionincluding the RoCE address, QP number, RMB key, and RMB indexinginformation, which includes an RMB index, an RMB length, and an RMBelement alert token, of server 403. The RMB key provides security fordirect memory access during the RDMA connection. The RMB indexidentifies the location of the remote memory buffer for this TCP/IPconnection. The RMB element alert token is used during RDMA writes tothe RMB buffer to help the RDMA software find the RMB and element asdata comes in. In response to receiving SYN-ACK message 407, client 401sends to server 403 a TCP/IP ACK message 409 with the RDMA optionincluding the QP number, RMB key, and RMB indexing information of client401, thereby completing the TCP/IP three-way hand shake, establishing aTCP/IP connection between client 401 and server 403, and identifying aRoCE connection between client 401 and server 403.

After having completed the TCP/IP three-way hand shake, server 403 sendsto client 401, using the RoCE connection, an RDMA confirmation message411. In response to receiving confirmation message 411, client 401 sendsto server 403, again using the RoCE connection, an RDMA reply 413. Then,client 401 and server 403 begin data flows over the RoCE connection, asindicated at 415.

According to embodiments of the present invention, after the RoCEconnection is established, all data flows occur over RoCE. As will bedescribed in detail hereinafter, when both client 401 and server 403finish sending data over the RoCE connection, they terminate the TCP/IPconnection. However, client 401 and server 403 wait a predeterminedamount of time before terminating the RoCE connection.

FIG. 5 is a message flow diagram illustrating an embodiment ofestablishment of another TCP/IP connection over an existing RoCEconnection according to the present invention. As will be described indetail hereinafter, a RoCE connection may be left open for a selectedtime after the TCP/IP connection has been closed so that more data flowscan be accomplished over the RoCE connection with less setup overhead.Additionally, separate TCP/IP connection data flows may be multiplexedon the same RoCE connection. Client 401 sends to server 403 a TCP/IP SYNmessage 501 with the RDMA option including the RoCE address of client401. Then, server 403 sends to client 401 a TCP/IP SYN-ACK message 503with the RDMA option including the RoCE address, QP number, RMB key, andRMB indexing information of server 403. Then, client 401 sends to server403 a TCP/IP ACK message 505 with the RDMA option including the RoCEaddress, QP number, RMB key, and RMB indexing information of client 401.The RMB indexes identify the sections set aside by server 403 and client401 in their respective RMBs for this specific TCP/IP connection. Ifclient 401 and server 403 recognize that they have an existing RoCEconnection with the same parameters contained in the TCP/IP three-wayhandshake, client 401 and server 403 proceed directly to flow data overthe RoCE connection, as indicated at 507.

FIGS. 6A and 6B comprise a flowchart of an embodiment of client TCP/IPand RDMA connection setup. The client sends a TCP/IP SYN message to theserver with the RDMA option, including the client's RoCE address, andstarts a retransmit timer, at block 601. The client then waits for aTCP/IP SYN-ACK message from the server. If, as determined at decisionblock 603, the client receives a SYN-ACK message from the server before,as determined at decision block 602, the retransmit timer times out, theclient determines, at decision block 605, if the SYN-ACK messagecontains the RDMA option. If the SYN-ACK message does not include theRDMA option, the client sends to the server a TCP/IP ACK message withoutthe RDMA option, at block 607, and starts the data flow over the TCP/IPconnection, at block 609. If, as determined at decision block 602, theretransmit timer times out before the client receives the SYN-ACKmessage from the server, processing returns to block 601, where theclient retransmits the SYN message.

If, as determined at decision block 605, the SYN-ACK message doesinclude the RDMA option, the client determines, at decision block 611,if the there is an existing RoCE connection with this server. It will berecalled that a RoCE connection is identified by a RoCE address, whichincludes the MAC address and GID, and a QP number. If there is anexisting RoCE connection with this server, processing proceeds to FIG.6B, which will be described below. If there is not an existing RoCEconnection with this server, the client saves the server's RDMAconnection parameters, at block 613. Then, the client allocates a QP andan RMB for the connection, associates its QP with the server's QP, andselects RMB indexing information for the connection, at block 615. Theclient then sends to the server a TCP/IP ACK message with the RDMAoption including its QP number, RMB index, and RMB key, at block 617.The client sets its QP state to ready to receive and starts aconfirmation timer, at block 619, and waits to receive an RDMAconfirmation over the RoCE connection. The purpose of this confirmationis to verify that it is possible to communicate over the QPs. If theclient receives a confirmation from the server, as determined atdecision block 623, before the confirmation reply timer times out, atdecision block 621, the client sets its QP state to ready to receive,and sends a reply to the server over RoCE, at block 625. Then the dataflow for the TCP/IP connection starts over the RoCE connection, at block627. If the client does not receive a confirmation from the server, asdetermined at decision block 623, before the confirmation reply timertimes out, at decision block 621, the data flow starts over the TCP/IPconnection, at block 609.

Referring back to decision block 611, if there is an existing RoCEconnection with this server, the client determines, at decision block629 (FIG. 6B), if the SYN-ACK from the server includes a new RMB; if so,the client saves the server's new RMB index and new RMB key, at block631. Then, the client determines, as indicated at decision block 633,whether or not to allocate a new RMB. The determination may be basedupon whether existing RMB is full or upon some other policy. If thedetermination is to allocate a new RMB, the client allocates a new RMBand selects RMB indexing information, at block 635, and sends an ACK tothe server that includes the RDMA option with the existing QP number,new RMB key, and new RMB index, at block 637. If, at decision block 633,the client determines not to allocate a new RMB, the client selects anew RMB index for the session, at block 639, and sends an ACK to theserver that includes the RDMA option with the existing QP number, RMBkey, and the new RMB index, at block 641. Then the TCP/IP data flowstarts over the RoCE connection, at block 643.

FIGS. 7A and 7B comprise a flowchart of an embodiment of server TCP/IPand RDMA connection setup. The server waits for a TCP/IP SYN messagefrom a client. When, as determined at decision block 701, the serverreceives a TCP/IP SYN message, the server determines, at decision block703, if the TCP/IP SYN message includes the RDMA option. If the SYNmessage does not include the RDMA option, the server sends a TCP/IPSYN-ACK message to the client, without the RDMA option, at block 705,and waits for a TCP/IP ACK message from the client. When, as determinedat decision block 707, the server receives an ACK message from theclient, the server starts the data flow over the TCP/IP connection, atblock 709.

Returning to decision block 703, if the SYN message does include theRDMA option, the server determines, at decision block 711, if it has anexisting RoCE connection with this client. If there is an existing RoCEconnection with this client, processing proceeds to FIG. 7B, which willbe described below. If the server does not have an existing RoCEconnection with this client, the server saves the client's RoCE address,allocates a QP and an RMB, and selects RMB indexing information, atblock 713. Then, the server sends to the client a TCP/IP SYN-ACK messagewith the RDMA option including the server's RoCE address, QP number, RMBkey, and RMB index, and set its QP state to initialized, at block 715.The server then waits for a TCP/IP ACK message from the client. When, asdetermined at decision block 717, the server receives the ACK, theserver determines, at decision block 719, if the ACK message includesthe RDMA option. In some cases either an RDMA aware server or client mayopt not to use a RoCE connection and instead use a TCP/IP connection forthe data flow. If the ACK message does not include to RDMA option, theserver starts the data flow using the TCP/IP connection, at block 721.If, as determined at decision block 719, the ACK message does includethe RDMA option, the server associates its QP with the client's QP, andsets its QP state to ready to send, at block 713. Then, the server sendsa confirmation message to the client over the RoCE connection and startsa confirmation reply timer, at block 725. If the server receives aconfirmation reply from the client, as determined at decision block 729,before the confirmation timer times out, at decision block 727, theserver starts the data flow for the TCP/IP connection over the RoCEconnection, at block 733. If the server does not receive a confirmationreply from the client, as determined at decision block 729, before theconfirmation timer times out, at decision block 727, the data flowstarts over the TCP/IP connection, at block 721.

Referring back to decision block 711, if there is an existing RoCEconnection with this client, processing proceeds to FIG. 7B. The serverdetermines, at decision block 735, whether or not to allocate a new RMBfor the connection. If the server determines to allocate a new RMB, theserver allocates a new RMB and selects a new RMB index, at block 737.Then, the server sends a TCP/IP SYN-ACK message to the client with anRDMA option including the server's RoCE address, existing QP number, newRMB key, and new RMB index, at block 739. If, as determined at decisionblock 735, the server determines not to allocate a new RMB, the serverselects a new RMB index, at block 741. Then, the server sends to theclient a TCP/IP SYN-ACK message with an RDMA option including theserver's RoCE address, existing QP number, RMB key, and new RMB index,at block 743. After sending the TCP/IP SYN-ACK message, at block 739 ofblock 743, the server waits for a TCP/IP ACK message from the client, atdecision block 745. If, as determined at decision block 747, the TCP/IPACK message includes the RDMA option, the TCP/IP data flow starts overthe RoCE connection, at block 749. If the TCP/IP ACL message does notinclude the RDMA option, the TCP/IP data flow starts over the TCP/IPconnection, as indicated at block 751.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a data processing system upon whichembodiments of the present invention may be implemented. Data processingsystem 800 may be a symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) system including aplurality of processors 802 and 804 connected to system bus 806.Alternatively, a single processor system may be employed. Also connectedto system bus 806 is memory controller/cache 808, which provides aninterface to local memory 809. I/O bus bridge 810 is connected to systembus 806 and provides an interface to I/O bus 812. Memorycontroller/cache 808 and I/O bus bridge 810 may be integrated asdepicted.

Peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus bridge 814 connected to I/Obus 812 provides an interface to PCI local bus 816. A number of modemsmay be connected to PCI local bus 816. Typical PCI bus implementationswill support four PCI expansion slots or add-in connectors.Communications links to networks may be provided through a modem 818 ora network adapter 820 connected to PCI local bus 816 through add-inboards. Additional PCI bus bridges 822 and 824 provide interfaces foradditional PCI local buses 826 and 828, respectively, from whichadditional modems or network adapters may be supported. In this manner,data processing system 800 allows connections to multiple networkcomputers. A memory-mapped graphics adapter 830 and hard disk 832 mayalso be connected to I/O bus 812 as depicted, either directly orindirectly.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the hardwaredepicted in FIG. 8 may vary. For example, other peripheral devices, suchas optical disk drives and the like, also may be used in addition to orin place of the hardware depicted. The depicted example is not meant toimply architectural limitations with respect to the present invention.

The data processing system depicted in FIG. 8 may be, for example, anIBM® System z® server, a product of International Business MachinesCorporation in Armonk, N.Y., running the Advanced Interactive Executive(AIX™) operating system or LINUX operating system.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the presentinvention may be embodied as a system, method or computer programproduct. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the formof an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment(including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or anembodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may allgenerally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.”Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of acomputer program product embodied in one or more computer readablemedium or media having computer readable program code embodied thereon.

Any combination of one or more computer readable medium or media may beutilized. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signalmedium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readablestorage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic,magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system,apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Morespecific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readablestorage medium would include the following: an electrical connectionhaving one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, arandom access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasableprogrammable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber,a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storagedevice, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storagemedium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a programfor use by or in connection with an instruction execution system,apparatus, or device.

A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signalwith computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, inbaseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may takeany of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to,electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. Acomputer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium thatis not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate,propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with aninstruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmittedusing any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless,wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination ofthe foregoing.

Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of thepresent invention may be written in any combination of one or moreprogramming languages, including an object oriented programming languagesuch as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional proceduralprogramming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similarprogramming languages. The program code may execute entirely on theuser's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alonesoftware package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remotecomputer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latterscenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computerthrough any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or awide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an externalcomputer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet ServiceProvider).

The computer program instructions comprising the program code forcarrying out aspects of the present invention may be provided to aprocessor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, suchthat the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computeror other programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computerreadable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable dataprocessing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particularmanner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readablemedium produce an article of manufacture including instructions whichimplement the function/act specified in the foregoing flowchart and/orblock diagram block or blocks.

The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer,other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to causea series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, otherprogrammable apparatus or other devices to produce a computerimplemented process such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer or other programmable apparatus provide processes forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the foregoing flowchartand/or block diagram block or blocks.

The flowcharts and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof code, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be notedthat, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in theblock may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, twoblocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantiallyconcurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverseorder, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be notedthat each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, andcombinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchartillustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-basedsystems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations ofspecial purpose hardware and computer instructions.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Asused herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify thepresence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements,and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of oneor more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements,components, and/or groups thereof.

The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of allmeans or step plus function elements in the claims below are intended toinclude any structure, material, or act for performing the function incombination with other claimed elements as specifically claimed. Thedescription of the present invention has been presented for purposes ofillustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive orlimited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications andvariations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the artwithout departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Theembodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain theprinciples of the invention and the practical application, and to enableothers of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention forvarious embodiments with various modifications as are suited to theparticular use contemplated.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art thatsystems and methods according to the present invention are well adaptedto overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. While the presentinvention has been described with reference to presently preferredembodiments, those skilled in the art, given the benefit of theforegoing description, will recognize alternative embodiments.Accordingly, the foregoing description is intended for purposes ofillustration and not of limitation.

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 9. A system, which comprises: aprotocol stack configured to establish first technology connection witha second system, said establishment of said first technology connectionidentifying a second technology connection between said system and saidsecond system; and, code stored in memory that when executed sends databetween said system and said second system using said identified secondtechnology connection.
 10. The system as claimed in claim 9, whereinsaid first technology connection comprises a transport layer connectionand said second technology connection comprises a remote direct memoryaccess (RDMA) connection.
 11. The system as claimed in claim 10, whereinsaid protocol stack is configured to exchange RDMA connectionidentification parameters with said second system during a transportlayer setup process between said system and said second system.
 12. Thesystem as claimed in claim 11, wherein said protocol stack is configuredto send a Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) SYNmessage to said second system, said SYN message including optionsidentifying an RDMA over converged Ethernet (RoCE) address for saidsystem.
 13. The system as claimed in claim 12, wherein said protocolstack is configured receive a TCP/IP SYN-ACK message from said secondsystem to said first system, said SYN-ACK message including optionsidentifying a RoCE address, a queue pair (QP) number, a remote memorybuffer (RMB) key, and RMB indexing information for said second system.14. The system as claimed in claim 13, wherein said protocol stack isconfigured, in response to receiving said SYN-ACK message from saidsecond system, to send a TCP/IP ACK message to said second system, saidACK message including options identifying a QP number, an RMB key, andRMB indexing information for said system.
 15. The system as claimed inclaim 10, wherein said protocol stack is configured to: receive aTransport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) SYN message fromsaid first system, said SYN message including options identifying anRDMA over converged Ethernet (RoCE) address for said first system; inresponse to said receiving said SYN message, to send a TCP/IP SYN-ACKmessage to said first system, said SYN-ACK message including optionsidentifying a RoCE address, a queue pair (QP) number, a remote memorybuffer (RMB) key, and RMB indexing information for said second system;and, receive a TCP/IP ACK message from said first system, said ACKmessage including options identifying a QP number, an RMB key, and RMBindexing information for said first system.
 16. The system as claimed inclaim 10, wherein said protocol stack is configured to: send to saidsecond system a Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)SYN message, said SYN message including options identifying an RDMA overconverged Ethernet (RoCE) address for said from system; receive fromsaid second system in response to said SYN message, a TCP/IP SYN-ACKmessage, said SYN-ACK message including options identifying a RoCEaddress, a queue pair (QP) number, a remote memory buffer (RMB) key, andRMB indexing information for said second system; and, in response toreceiving said SYN-ACK message, send to said second system a TCP/IP ACKmessage, said ACK message including options identifying a QP number, anRMB key, and RMB indexing information for said first system.
 17. Acomputer program product in computer readable storage medium, saidcomputer program product comprising: instructions stored in saidcomputer readable storage medium establishing a first technologyconnection between a first system and a second system, said establishingincluding identifying a second technology connection between said firstsystem and said second system; and, instructions stored in said computerreadable storage medium for sending data between said first system andsaid second system using said second technology connection identified insaid establishing said transport layer connection.
 18. The computerprogram product as claimed in claim 17, wherein said first technologyconnection comprises a transport layer connection and said secondtechnology connection comprises a remote direct memory access (RDMA)connection.
 19. The computer program product as claimed in claim 18,wherein said instructions store in said computer readable storage mediumfor establishing said transport layer connection include: instructionsstore in said computer readable storage medium for exchanging RDMAconnection identification parameters between said first system and saidsecond system during a transport layer setup process between said firstsystem and said second system.
 20. The computer program product asclaimed in claim 19, wherein said instructions for exchanging remotedirect memory access connection parameters include: instructions storedin said computer readable storage medium for sending a Transport ControlProtocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) SYN message from said first systemto said second system, said SYN message including options identifying anRDMA over converged Ethernet (RoCE) address for said first system. 21.The computer program product as claimed in claim 20, wherein saidinstructions for exchanging remote direct memory access connectionparameters include: Instructions stored in said computer readablestorage medium for sending a TCP/IP SYN-ACK message from said secondsystem to said first system, said SYN-ACK message including optionsidentifying a RoCE address, a queue pair (QP) number, a remote memorybuffer (RMB) key, and RMB indexing information for said second system.22. The computer program product as claimed in claim 21, wherein saidinstructions for exchanging remote direct memory access connectionparameters include: instructions stored in said computer readablestorage medium for sending a TCP/IP ACK message from said first systemto said second system, said ACK message including options identifying aQP number, an RMB key, and RMB indexing information for said firstsystem.
 23. The computer program product as claimed in claim 18, whereinsaid instructions for establishing said transport layer connectionbetween said first system and said second system include: instructionsstored in said computer readable storage medium for receiving at saidsecond system a Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)SYN message from said first system, said SYN message including optionsidentifying an RDMA over converged Ethernet (RoCE) address for saidfirst system; instructions stored in said computer readable storagemedium for, in response to said receiving said SYN message, sending aTCP/IP SYN-ACK message to said first system, said SYN-ACK messageincluding options identifying a RoCE address, a queue pair (QP) number,a remote memory buffer (RMB) key, and RMB indexing information for saidsecond system; and, instructions stored in said computer readablestorage medium for receiving at said second system a TCP/IP ACK messagefrom said first system, said ACK message including options identifying aQP number, an RMB key, and RMB indexing information for said firstsystem.
 24. The computer program product as claimed in claim 18, whereinsaid instructions for establishing said transport layer connectionbetween said first system and said second system include: instructionsstored in said computer readable storage medium for sending from saidfirst system to said second system a Transport Control Protocol/InternetProtocol (TCP/IP) SYN message, said SYN message including optionsidentifying an RDMA over converged Ethernet (RoCE) address for said fromsystem; instructions stored in said computer readable storage medium forreceiving from said second system in response to said SYN message, aTCP/IP SYN-ACK message, said SYN-ACK message including optionsidentifying a RoCE address, a queue pair (QP) number, a remote memorybuffer (RMB) key, and RMB indexing information for said second system;and, instructions stored in said computer readable storage medium for,in response to receiving said SYN-ACK message, sending to said secondsystem a TCP/IP ACK message, said ACK message including optionsidentifying a QP number, an RMB key, and RMB indexing information forsaid first system.